Bill of Rights for the United Kingdom

Bill of Rights for the United Kingdom Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work produced by our Law Essay Writing Service . You can view samples of our professional work here . Bill of Rights for the United Kingdom Over the years, there has been an ongoing debate over whether there should be a Bill of Rights for the United Kingdom (UK). The Government is committed to considering the need for a Bill of Rights and other political parties have expressed interest in developing one. Parliament’s Joint Committee on Human Rights (JCHR) has demonstrated in its report that there are many groups in society, such as older people and adults with learning disabilities, whose human rights are insufficiently protected. They argue that UK Bill of Rights and Freedoms (BRF) is desirable in order to provide necessary protection to all, particularly to the marginalized and vulnerable people. This essay will discuss on the two main issues considered by the Committee, namely the judicial review (JR) and entrenchment, in reference to some legal and political theories outlines as structured below. Arguments in favour of JR/ entrenchment As mentioned in the report of JCHR , the adopting of the BRF sets out a shared vision of a desirable future society: it is aspirational in nature as well as protecting those human rights which already exist. JCHR suggests that a BRF should give lasting effect to values shared by the people of the UK by including liberty, democracy, fairness, civic duty, and the rule of law. In considering JCHR’s proposal, it is pivotal to gain a simplistic appreciation of Ronald Dworkin’s democracy theory to illustrate the arguments in favour of JR and entrenchment. Dworkin has been a firm defender of JR of constitutional rights in the United States. Dworkin believes that government should be bound to certain rights by the very authority that structures and empowers governmental procedures, and this commitment should be enforced by the courts. He says that a constitution principle enforced by independent judges is not undemocratic and there is no trade-off between rights and democracy. Democracy does not insist on judge s having the last word, but democracy also does not insist that the judges must not have the last word. He suggests that in order to provide a democratic justification for the judges’ prevailing, one has to show not only that they have democratic credentials but that they have better democratic claim than that asserted in the legislative action in question. Further, Dworkin alleges that democratic constitutional theory ought to be oriented primarily to results. In every society there will be questions whether enacted legislation conflicts with the fundamental principles of democracy. These questions should be assigned to whatever institution which is likely to answer them correctly. In some countries, such as UK, this may be the legislature but often there is reason to think that the legislature is not the safest vehicle for protecting the rights associated with democracy. In that case, we should assign the issue to the courts, if we think they are a safer bet. Dworkin says w e should not be deterred by the fact that courts are not constituted in a way that makes them democratically accountable. Accountability does not matter, all a partisan of democracy should be concerned is that courts are reliable in making good decisions about democracy. Dworkin seems to be suggesting that if a political decision is about democracy or the rights associated with democracy; then all that matters is that the decision must be right, from a democratic point of view.

Diseases and Disorders of the ear and eye Assignment

Diseases and Disorders of the ear and eye - Assignment Example The paper gives correct and brief answers that help you to learn the material or to prepare for the exam. Describe the three separate parts of the ear. Answer: The three separate parts of the ear are external ear, middle ear and inner ear. The external ear comprises of the auricle, the auditory canal and the drumhead. The middle ear is made up of the ear tube, the mastoid and its ear cells. The inner ear comprises of the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth. The external ear is mainly involved in receiving sound impulses and transmitting it forward. The middle ear is also a conduction system. Differentiate between the two primary types of glaucoma. Answer. The two primary types of glaucoma include open angle glaucoma and angle closure glaucoma. A high intraocular pressure is characteristic of both the types. Open angle glaucoma has a greater frequency of occurrence and it is characterized by a gradual blockage of the drainage of the eye. The angle of the iris and cornea is open and not very narrow and thus it presents chronically. Angle closure glaucoma on the other hand is acute because of the narrowing of the angle that exists between the iris and the cornea. Name the etiologic factors of macular degeneration. Answer: Macular degeneration is mainly an age related pathology which results in complete loss of vision in developed nations. Although no definite causes for the condition have been identified but smoking of cigarettes, raised blood pressure and genetics are known to play a role.

Workforce diversity and HR Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Workforce diversity and HR - Coursework Example An overview of LOCOG indicates that it is a temporary organization established in 2005 for the ultimate aim of delivering the most challenging international project to the standards required by the International Olympic Committee through the defined time frame culminating on the 27th of July, 2012. Due to the disclosed need to live up to the worldwide expectations associated with the global brand of the Olympics, as host organization, LOCOG is expected to present a compendium detailing the importance of managing workforce diversity. Likewise, as HR Manager of LOCOG, one is tasked with presenting ways by which HR can significantly contribute towards the organization’s broader objective of diversity. Therefore, the current discourse used three specifically identified articles written by Shen, Chanda, D’Netto, and Monga (2009); McCuiston, Wooldrige, and Pierce (2004); as well as Mannix and Neale (2005) to present the crucial information supporting the need to manage divers ity at LOCOG and to identify specific means by which HR can contribute towards the organization’s broader objective of adhering and complying with maintaining a diversified workforce. The compendium would initially present a brief definition of terms, specifically on ‘diversity† as seen from various authors’ perspectives. Then, the importance of workforce diversity would be expounded; prior to delving into HR’s contribution to LOCOG’s diversity goals. Definition of Terms To ensure that LOCOG’s management would be accurately informed on the crucial concepts, theories and applications on workforce diversity, it is pertinent that a definition of the term ‘diversity’ be presented and expounded. According to Mannix and Neale (2005), the authors agreed on using the definition cited by Williams and O’Reilly (1998), to wit: â€Å"any attribute that another person may use to detect individual differences’’ (p. 81). On the other hand, Shen, Chanda, D’Netto and Monga (2009) emphasized clearly that â€Å"workforce diversity acknowledges the reality that people differ in many ways, visible or invisible, mainly age, gender, marital status, social status, disability, sexual orientation, religion, personality, ethnicity and culture (Kossek, Lobel and Brown 2005)† (p. 235). Diversity therefore manifests and accepts disparities in cultural orientation seen to be a crucial factor in the successful performance of various contemporary organizations. In the situation of LOCOG, since the organization would be directly and closely involved in interacting and governing peoples all over the world, it is imperative that managing diversity within their workforce would embody the organization’s ideals and philosophies and form an integral part of their value system. Importance of Workforce Diversity The importance in managing workforce diversity has been greatly illumined by Shen, et.al. (2009) as it focuses not so much on â€Å"accepting that individuals are different but creating an atmosphere of inclusion and making a commitment to valuing diversity† (p. 236). From a review of related literature, Shen, et.al. (2009) cited the following benefits and advantages of supporting a diverse workforce, as summarized below: Provides opportunities of improving the quality of decision making through innovative ideas and offering superior solutions to problems (Australian Centre for International Business (ACIB), 2000; Mannix and Neale 2005). Provides a â€Å"better-quality solution to brainstorming tasks, displays more cooperative behavior, relative to homogenous groups, and can raise organizational efficiency, effectiveness and profitability†

Do You Agree With Albert? :: Science Religion Religious Essays

Do You Agree With Albert? INTRODUCTION I can’t seem to find the right words to begin a new chapter in my life. This is not only a research paper for a class in school any more. It symbolizes the beginning of what I have longed to do since I arrived at Santa Clara a few years back. I have had a yearning for a philosophy that makes sense to me personally; one that does not have to conform to anything I have studied so far. This is my chance. Although the format I have chosen is not the most elegant, it does organize my thoughts in the clearest way. My thoughts are summarized like a diary starting with my initial impressions and quickly jumping from idea to idea in an effort to understand Fritjof Capra’s The Tao of Physics. DAY 1—PRELUDE TO LITERATURE Growing up as a young boy in Mallorca, Spain, I attended Sunday Mass with my mother and brother every week, never really giving it another thought—it was just something we did out of habit. I was content being a Roman Catholic for as long as I can remember until one very important episode in the fall of 1996. I was registering for my new high school (a Catholic one for the first time) when I noticed there was a special discount for practicing Catholics. Of course, to prove your religious affiliation, a letter from your Church’s pastor had to be submitted. This is when my faith in institutionalized religion took a major fall. For my family to be recognized as practicing at our church, a minimum sum of $250 a year had to be donated. Typically, my mother dropped in a few dollars when the collection basket was passed, but the parish had no way of determining how much had actually been donated. If there was no record of family contributions, the letter could not be w ritten. To clarify this discrepancy, they offered a personalized envelope to drop into the collection basket to regulate how much money we actually donated. In one fell swoop, a $250 check was donated and a letter of recommendation yielding a $1000 waiver sent out. Beginning that day, I could no longer face the institutionalized Church and since then have looked for other sources of inspiration in different religions—particularly Eastern Philosophy.

Man’s Inhumanity to Man Essay

Through the sands of time†¦the written word has changed the course of history, inspired many to fight for their beliefs and most importantly†¦elevated mankind to a higher understanding of mans inhumanity to mankind. David Lawrence Dewey Inhumanity, it is a single word, known throughout history that has caused much destruction & trauma. The tearing apart of families, the ruins of cultures, races and countries. Some people have a vaulting ambition for power, but they misuse that authority. Man’s inhumanity to man doesn’t just happen, there are reasons, set apart from differences in appearance, culture, or even where they originate from. In World War 2, Hitler has invaded Poland and anyone who did not fit the criteria of â€Å"a perfect arian race†, specifically in Schindler’s Ark, the Jews in this case are set apart from the rest of humanity. The way that they are treated is improper. Why treat people in that brutal way. They are still human. The vicious behaviour that the Germans show towards the Jews is inhuman, even to the point of severally murdering them. They were completely stripped of everything, They were treated as scum, the dirt beneath their feet. Completely different to them as if they were from another world. The Jews didn’t have any threat to anyone. They were simple people living among society just like everyone else. Maybe they looked slightly different, or spoke a different language to the Polish people. But that doesn’t mean they should be torn apart from their homes and families. Every ounce of humanity stripped, even hair in all places on them. But thats all what Hitler wanted.

My Personal Project Psychological Effects And A Visual...

The Goal In my personal project, I thought of the idea of creating a film in which shows a visual representation of abuse in a household. I have made a script for my film. I chosed the psychological effects of abuse and how it could continue to become a cycle between the parent and the child. My script includes the psychological effects and a visual representation of an abusive environment. These topics interest me, as it involve psychological effects of the human brain. At first i was going to do a report over psychological effects about traumatic experiences, like PTSD and topics similar to that. I chosed this topic, because I realised many children can’t accomplish their dreams because of their situation in their homes. My†¦show more content†¦I created an outline about my topic, and utilized it for my script. Selection of source I needed to know statistics about children how were abused (Add stats here). Also information abusive households, (info here). One article I found (Holmes, W., Sammel, M. (2005, January 1). Brief Communication: Physical Abuse of Boys and Possible Associations with Poor Adult Outcomes. Retrieved April 16, 2015, from http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=718783), explains childhood abuse and how it is commonly connected with poor adult decisions. Also (Kaplow, J., Widom, C. (2007). Age of Onset of Child Maltreatment Predicts Long-Term Mental Health Outcomes., Vol. 116(1), P. 176-187. Retrieved April 14, 2015, from Child welfare.), where two students studied about the effects of abuse and long term offset. Also for my film and to get some ideas I read the book called The Child Called It (Pelzer, D. (1995). A Child Called It: One Child s Courage to Survive. Markham: Fitzhenry Whiteside.). The Child Called It talks about the experience of an abused child living under an atrocious mo ther. Overall the book helped me have a visual and an idea for my project. This has helped me with producing my script and understanding a little bit more about abuse. I found the information by investigating website with journals, just sites that have studies and investigated thoroughly about the subject. I was primarily interested in how the studies went down, than My Personal Project Psychological Effects And A Visual... The Goal In my personal project, I thought of the idea of creating a film which shows a visual representation of abuse in a household. I have made a script for my film. I chose the psychological effects of abuse and how it could continue to become a cycle between the parent and the child. My script includes the psychological effects and a visual representation of an abusive environment. These topics interest me, as it involves psychological effects on the human brain. At first I was going to do a report over the psychological effects about traumatic experiences, like PTSD and topics similar to that. I chose this topic, because I realized many children can’t accomplish their dreams because of their situation in their home. My personal†¦show more content†¦I created an outline about my topic, and utilized it in my script. Garcia, 4 Selection of source I needed to know statistics about how children were abused, also information abusive households. One article I found (Holmes, W., Sammel, M. (2005, January 1). Brief Communication: Physical Abuse of Boys and Possible Associations with Poor Adult Outcomes. Retrieved April 16, 2015, from http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=718783), explains childhood abuse and how it is commonly connected with poor adult decisions. Also (Kaplow, J., Widom, C. (2007). Age of Onset of Child Maltreatment Predicts Long-Term Mental Health Outcomes., Vol. 116(1), P. 176-187. Retrieved April 14, 2015, from Child welfare.), where two students studied about the effects of abuse and long term offset. Also in my film and to get some ideas I read the book called The Child Called It (Pelzer, D. (1995). A Child Called It: One Child s Courage to Survive. Markham: Fitzhenry Whiteside.). The Child Called It talks about the experience of an abused child living under an atrocious mother. Overall the book helped m e have a visual and an idea for my project. This has helped me with producing my script and understanding a little bit more about abuse. I found the information by investigating website with journals, just sites that have studies and investigated thoroughly about the subject. I was primarily interested in how the studies went down, than articles with the

Handmaids Tale and 1984 - 2089 Words

How far is language a tool of oppression in ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’ and ‘Nineteen Eighty Four’? Most dystopian novels contain themes of corruption and oppression, therefore in both ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’ and ‘Nineteen Eighty Four’ language is obviously used as a form of the states control, enabling dystopian leaders to remain in power by manipulating language to restrict free thought. Orwell and Atwood have utilized language as a key tool of oppression throughout their novels. The use of language is mostly repressive, language can also be seen as liberating, and used as an act of rebellion, which the state wishes to eliminate. The novel Nineteen Eighty Four contains a world in which language is being systematically corrupted. The†¦show more content†¦The Ministry of peace â€Å"concerned itself with war†, The Ministry of Truth dedicated itself to destroying the truth and The Ministry of Love was described as â€Å"frightening† with â€Å"gorilla faced guards. This brings forth the idea that the state are trying to subtly manipulate society however they are a threat. In addition the face of the party ‘Big Brother’ is extremely ironic as Orwell uses this as a tactic to make you feel reassured. This is because the word Big Brother is an example of a double entendre as a big brother is commonly associated with protection, care and love which is the extreme opposite in this case as the party seeks power...for its own sake conveying the irony further as it is not what it seems at first glance. The constant motif of ‘BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU† exemplifies the ide a they will always try to control you, and they have great power. The fact that Orwell chose these names is a reflection of the Partys of the brainwashing of their society and the desire for control over the people. It is a warning as it emphasises the abusive nature of dictators, as they use psychological manipulation as a means of control. The use of names in Nineteen Eighty-Four presents a false sense of security and desirability to citizens, as it makes the state appear friendly and trust worthy regardless of their demeaning acts. The slogan of theShow MoreRelatedMemories of Life Before Government Control: Orwells 1984, Atwoods The Handmaids Tale, and Huxleys Brave New World1107 Words   |  5 Pagespeople’s opinions of reality which proves to be impossible. Within the novels, 1984 by George Orwell, The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood and Brave New World by Aldous Huxley the Governments have taken societys freedom away and all that remains are the memories of what li fe was like before the changes; the main characters are constantly using the past as a way to survive through the difficult times. Winston in 1984 uses his memories to cope with being watched all the time. In addition, he usesRead MoreIs Today s Society Becoming A Dystopian World?1313 Words   |  6 Pagessociety becoming a dystopian world? 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During the ritualistic Ceremony, the Handmaids are raped by their Commanders in hopes ofRead MoreComparison between The handmaids Tale and 1894 (language as controlling force, language styles, structure and contexts3493 Words   |  14 Pages Both the novels 1984 and The Handmaids Tale provide warnings of how each author sees certain problems in society leading to dystopian states. Dystopian genres exist in both novels, but arise for different reasons. Resulting from Atwoods concerns about political groups and aspects of feminism; The Handmaids Tale illustrates how declining birth rates could lead to a state where women are forced into bearing children. In contrast, 1984 depicts a terror state where poverty is rife and tyrannicalRead MoreThe Hand maid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1357 Words   |  6 Pageson the ground of the equality of the sexes† (Oxford dictionary). In the novel The Handmaid’s Tale, Margaret Atwood explores feminism through the themes of women’s bodies as political tools, the dynamics of rape culture and the society of complacency. Margaret Atwood was born in 1939, at the beginning of WWII, growing up in a time of fear. In the autumn of 1984, when she began writing The Handmaid’s Tale, she was living in West Berlin. The Berlin Wall had not yet fallen and in her travels â€Å"behindRead More Atwoods Attention to Words in The Handmaids Tale Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesAtwoods Attention to Words in The Handmaids Tale The Handmaids Tale illustrates that dictatorship can be established by creating a state of fear once language controls are instituted. As a tradition to dystopian novels, Atwood has drawn much attention to the meaning of words and the significance of names, as well as the prohibition for women to read or write, in order to portray Gilead as a successful totalitarian state. Atwood is trying to make the point that in a dystopian world, languageRead More##rtance Of Language In The Handmaids Tale And Nineteen Eighty-Four1315 Words   |  6 PagesContained within the novels The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood and Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell is a fight for power and control – not of land, or political position – but of language. Language is seen within both of these novels as being central to the telling of one’s own story – without the control of power and language, it is not possible to convey the intricacies, thoughts, feelings and ideas behind these stories. Whether this story is conveyed through a diary, or through cassetteRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1516 Words   |  7 PagesHandmaid’s Tale, by Margaret Atwood, explores the idea of physical and mental oppression through hierarchy, patriarchy, manipulation of history, surveillance and finally, community identity; hence the main character’s name â€Å"Offr ed† or ‘Of-Fred’ if you will. 1984, by George Orwell, covers this by including configuration of language; the characters have a new language called â€Å"Newspeak† and are also constantly watched by the government and the â€Å"Thought Police.† The hierarchy in The Handmaid’s Tale, is structuredRead More The Handmaids Tale: Oppression of Women for Male Political Gain 1782 Words   |  8 Pages The Handmaids Tale is a poetic tale of a womans survival as a Handmaid in the male dominated Republic of Gilead. Offred portrayed the struggle living as a Handmaid, essentially becoming a walking womb and a slave to mankind. Women throughout Gilead are oppressed because they are seen as potentially threatening and subversive and therefore require strict control (Callaway 48). The fear of women rebelling and taking control of society is stopped through acts such as the caste system, the ceremonyRead MoreOrwell s 1984 And Huxley s Brave New World1821 Words   |  8 Pagesto their oppression. In the classic dystopian novels, Orwell’s 1984 and Huxley’s Brave New World, the oppressed are mollified and manipulated by propaganda, indoctrination and betrayal in 1984 and by excessive drug use in A Brave New World, and i n both novels the oppressed seem to be complicit in their oppression. This pattern is also compellingly reflected in the tale of persecution presented by Margaret Atwood in The Handmaids Tale and the dystopian society of Gilead. Unlike other dystopian novels